Ans.

Physiography of the Western Himalayas: – The Great Himalayas are divided into four parts from west to east, which are separated from each other by different river sections.  these sections are

1. Punjab Himalaya: – In the length of 562 km between the Indus and Sutlej.
2. Kumaon Himalaya: – In the length of 320 km between Sutlej and Kali rivers.
3. Nepal Himalaya: – In the length of 800 km between Kali and Teesta rivers.
4. Assam Himalaya: – In the length of 520 km between the Teesta and Brahmaputra rivers.

The Punjab Himalayas is the westernmost range of the Himalayas.  It extends between the Indus and Sutlej rivers.  The Punjab Himalayas has two divisions, which are known as the Kashmir Himalayas and the Himachal Himalayas.  Ladakh, Jaskar, and Pir Panjal are the main ranges of the Himalayas.  Ongoing west from the Sutlej, the height of this part gradually decreases.  This range is similar in appearance to the saw, but its upper part is much wider.  The main peaks of this part are Tanakuti and Brahmasakal and the main passes are Pir Panjal, Chhota Gali, Chor Gali, Banihal, Joji-La, Gulamghar, and Burjil.  The northern slope of this range is uneven and dry, where plateaus and lakes are located and the southern slope is covered with cracked and dense forests.