Group C

3. Answer the following questions briefly (the choice is to write the question)

   3.1 How are the “deflation hollows” formed?

   Ans. Deflation hollows: – When the sand and fine particles are blown away from the same place by the wind blowing in the same direction, then there are small and big size shallow and deep troughs are formed. Which are called drainage troughs (air troughs).  Such troughs are found in Mongolia, Sahara, the and Kalahari desert regions.  The Katara Tret of Mishra is a famous trough of this type.

    

   3.1 (a)  What is Iceberg?

   Ans. Iceberg: – When a glacier flowing in a region reaches the sea, then its icebergs start floating in the sea.  It is called an iceberg.  These are very dangerous for the ships as they break the ships after colliding with them.  The world-famous American ship Titanic sank after colliding with one such floating iceberg.

    

   3.2 What is Chinook?

   Ans. Steamy winds coming from the Pacific Ocean collide with the Rocky Mountains of North America and cause a lot of rain in its western part, but when these winds cross the Rocky Mountains and descend through the eastern slope, they become hot and dry.  These hot and dry winds are called Chinook.

    

   3.2 (a) What is the apogean tide?

   Ans. When the moon is at its maximum distance from the earth, it is called the apogee position of the moon.

    

   3.3 How is the segregation of waste materials done?

   Ans. Segregation of Wastes:- Segregation of solid wastes into different classes is an important method of waste management.  Class-wise methods of disposal and recycling can be adopted.  For example, naturally decomposing wastes such as food scraps, peels of fruits and vegetables, etc. can be used to manufacture fertilizers, and wastes that do not decompose naturally such as metals, glass, plastics, etc. can be recycled.  It is easy to segregate the source of the waste ie where it is generated.  Dry and wet waste should be kept in separate dustbins.

    

   3.3 (a) What do you mean by ‘Recycling the waste’?

   Ans. Renewal of waste (recycling): – The conversion of the used material which has been converted into waste again into new useful material is called recycling or recycling of waste.  Recycling waste saves resources and energy and also saves the environment from being polluted.

    

   3.4  Name two physiographic divisions of the Karnataka Plateau.

   Ans. Geological division of Karnataka plateau (i) Malnad plain (Maidan), (ii) Mysore plateau.

    

   3.4 (a)  Mention two purposes of rainwater harvesting.

   Ans. Two objectives of rainwater harvesting: (i) An attempt to solve the problem of water scarcity by harvesting rainwater.  (ii) Availability of water for irrigation in the dry season.

    

   3.5 State the importance of terrace cultivation.

   Ans. Importance of step-up plowing: (i) It reduces soil erosion.  (ii) They help hold rainwater.  (iii) It conserves both soil and water.

    

   3.5 (a) What is sustainable development?

   Ans. Sustainable Development: – Sustainable development is to maintain the pace of economic development for a long period without harming the local environment and compromising on the present needs.

   Efficient use of environmental protection resources; Conservation of energy and resources through scientific and technological use is the cornerstone of sustainable development.

    

   3.6 State the definition of satellite imageries.

   Ans. “The image taken of the whole or part of the earth using an artificial satellite is called satellite imagery.”

    

   3.6 (a) Define topographical Map.

   Ans. Such maps made on large scales in sufficient quantity, in which those features can be identified in the area by looking at the features displayed, are called topographical maps or topographical fraction drawings.